Jasus caveorum is a species of spiny lobster found on a single seamount in the southeastern Pacific Ocean, discovered in 1995 by fishermen from New Zealand. It is most similar to Jasus frontalis from the nearby Juan Fernández Islands, but is more closely related to species from the Atlantic and Indian Oceans.

Jasus caveorum is known from a single seamount in the Foundation Seamounts chain, around 35°S 120°W, approximately 2,100 kilometres (1,300 mi) south-east of Pitcairn Island, and 4,500 km (2,800 mi) west of the Juan Fernández Islands, Chile. The seamount has two peaks at a depth of 140 metres (460 ft), separated by a col at a depth of 320 m (1,050 ft). J. caveorum is the only species in the genus whose range is not associated with any land that rises above sea level. J. caveorum was discovered in 1995 by the New Zealand fishing vessel FV David Baker, owned by Southern Seafoods. Commercial lobster traps were laid at various depths, down to 300 m (980 ft); specimens of J. caveorum were recovered from depths down to 180 m (590 ft), but mostly less than 150 m (490 ft).

Ecology and conservation The ecology of Jasus caveorum is poorly known. Its diet is assumed to be made up chiefly of invertebrates. Most adult individuals are infested with a small stalked barnacle of unknown identity; the same barnacle infests crabs of the genus Chaceon in the same locality.